What is Socratic Irony

Socratic irony is a technique used in the Socratic method of teaching. Irony is a communication technique employed when someone says something that conveys a message that contradicts the literal words. In the case of Socratic irony, Socrates might pretend to think his students wise or he might denigrate his own intelligence, as by pretending he doesnt know the answer. According to the article Socratic irony in The Oxford Dictionary of Philosophy (Simon Blackburn. Oxford University Press, 2008), a Socratic irony is Socratess irritating tendency to praise his hearers while undermining them, or to disparage his own superior abilities while manifesting them. Someone attempting to use Socratic irony might sound like the old television detective Columbo who always disparaged his own talents to make the suspect think he was an idiot.

Analysis on Swmithirai Penerant Speech on Time Management...

In her speech, Sumithirai Penerant, who is a student wanting to achieve NVQ in business administration, talks about time management. Her main aim is to give some tips about how to organize time efficiently. Overall, this is not an effective presentation which does not have a proper introduction and conclusion part. In my report, I will analyze Penerant’s speech in depth in terms of organization and content, delivery and visual aids. Firstly, in the introduction part, the presenter greets the audiences, introduces herself and the topic she will be covering. However, she does not provide an overview of her speech and does not use any attention getting techniques. Without using any signposts or transitional phrases, she switches to the†¦show more content†¦Moreover, her eye contact usually focuses on the middle part of the class, which leads other audiences to think that the presenter does not care about themselves. On the other hand, she uses appropriate facial expressi ons, maintains good posture and moves purposefully. In this way, the speech does not become monotonous and the audiences follow her with ease and without the need for further explanation. Her somewhat effective physical delivery is accompanied by a successful vocal delivery. The presenter speaks at an appropriate pace and uses pausing before switching to a new idea as a strategy to give audiences a chance to think about it. She also has a loud and clear tone of voice, uses correct intonation and does not fall into hesitations frequently. These factors contribute to the effectiveness of the presentation and make it less bothersome from the perspective of audiences. In sum, the presenter’s delivery counteracts the deficiencies of the organization and content, but not totally. Finally, although the presenter’s visual aids are relevant to the topic, of a reasonable number, visible and simple; they are not very effective. They contain a lot of information in the sentence fo rm rather than single words, which leads audiences to read them instead of listening to the presenter and makes the presentation less interesting. She also reads directly from the slides and meanwhile she turns her back to the audiences. This is a kind of repetition of

The Crucible John Proctor Essay Research Paper free essay sample

The Crucible: John Proctor Essay, Research Paper The Crucible: John Proctor A character is an luxuriant blend of emotions and features. Even though the character # 8217 ; s emotions are important because they make an person feel for the character may it be sympathy or choler. The features are really besides of import because they make the character. They describe the character # 8217 ; s nature even if they are good hearted or if they are evil incarnate. Many times there is one word that can single-handedly depict the character # 8217 ; s reaction or behaviour toward some other anomalousness. In John Proctor # 8217 ; s instance the word that illustrates him in entireness is ethical. Bravery is a trait that suits John Proctor good. When Proctor tried to convince everyone that the misss were lying, was an case of courage because kids were thought of as the frailty of God and they were pure of defects. Proctor besides fought the tribunal seeking to maintain them from convicting his partner even though cipher else would make bold to make. We will write a custom essay sample on The Crucible John Proctor Essay Research Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Another quality that made him weather was when he confessed to the tribunal that he had an matter with Abigail merely to salvage his life. That John Proctor is courageous, is obvious but hour angle can besides be really utmost at some times. An case of Proctor # 8217 ; s appendage was when he shouted, # 8220 ; I say I say # 8211 ; God is dead! † ( Pg. 119 ) , and that he will see all of them burn in snake pit. That statement implied to the tribunal that Proctor worshipped the Devil and committed bearing false witness. When Proctor tore the warrant issued for the apprehension of Elizabeth showed his ability to withstand the tribunal and in a manner his faith because the tribunal was controlled by faith. Keeping Mary Warren from tribunal was utmost because he was maintaining her from making her responsibility and from experiencing of import for the first clip. Even if one is brave or utmost, doesn # 8217 ; t mean that they can non be dignified excessively. Proctor acted dignified when he tries to delight his married woman in every manner after he admitted to holding an matter with Abigail. He did this by making what she said and non kicking and moving nice and unagitated. He besides exhibits self-respect when he marks the confession and so subsequently cryings it up. This showed that he cared more about his belief than he did about his life. By non clasping under force per unit area, Proctor was able to decline to give into Danforth # 8217 ; s and Abigail # 8217 ; s power of persuasion, which showed a great trade of self-respect. It is certain so that Proctor is an person of many features but merely one stands out, that is that he is ethical. Due to being ethical he is besides brave, utmost, and dignified. These features tend to do a good character.

The political affairs and strategies of immigration laws in the State of North Carolina

Introduction The idea behind this research paper is to draw public attention concerning a current and rising phenomenon especially in the State of North Carolina, viz. the regional enactment of immigration laws.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The political affairs and strategies of immigration laws in the State of North Carolina specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The aforementioned immigration laws are contained in the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) part 287(g). This research paper seeks to generate substantive concerns and encourage further discussion concerning the varying demographics in the State North Carolina, the unsuccessful immigration restructuring at the national stage,ss and the manner in which the State has reacted. In addition, this research paper centers on the execution of the section 287(g) plan according to the INA, and the effect on the society when local law enactment agencies c arry out immigration enactment tasks. Immigration represents an intricate section of law essentially in the field of the federal government in the constitution of the United States. Of late, federal immigration officials have conventionally enacted laws on immigration (ICE 2). The section 287 (g) of the INA was passed in 1996 and was amended by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to strengthen the Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) of the United States to build accords with the state and regional police enactment agencies to implement immigration examining and enactment tasks. The formed accords are referred to as Memoranda of Understanding. In addition, the accords are termed as Memoranda of Agreement (MOA) and they â€Å"act on behalf of† the State and local law enactment officials to enact particular laws on immigration. Currently, it is approximated that more than 65 law enactment agencies all through the country have formed such accords and have started enac ting laws on immigration at an exceptional pace (Weissman 16). Having about nine agencies presently signaled on, the State of North Carolina turns out to be number two in the ranking according the present number of section 287 (g) schemes in the State. Nevertheless, to date, these agencies have operated under the Memoranda of Agreement with insignificant transparency or supervision and there has been inconsequential, if any, responsibility as to the execution of the plan. Moreover, from the time of the execution of section 287(g), â€Å"Hispanic-looking† individuals in particular have complained of prejudiced abuses associated with the execution of the program. The reported abuses encompass molestation of legal inhabitants and citizens and consequent isolation of ethnic societies from police power and defense.Advertising Looking for research paper on public administration? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Marginalized gr oups Section 287 (g) acts on behalf of regional law enactment officials when it comes to carrying out of immigration tasks in their normal functions. These duties comprise assessing the condition of believed undocumented inhabitants that are kept in custody or stopped for explanations different from their condition. Therefore, section 287 (g) is appropriate merely to undocumented inhabitants legally kept in custody or stopped. Nevertheless, as studies and proof from researches indicate, the application and execution of the program deviate from the lawful obligations. Section 287 (g) is no longer applied as an instrument to assist law enactment, but rather like regionalized immigration artillery and instrument for bullying and segregation of foreign individuals and Hispanic inhabitants and citizens (ICE 3). The involvement of single states and nations in section 287 (g) frequently goes by a well-published society awful occasion that the media and community connect with negligent immi gration enactment. In adopting the MOAs, a signing on a municipality or a department of law habitually supplies a statement asserting that section 287 (g) is just applicable to the fierce repeat lawbreaker. For instance, before finalizing an accord with ICE, regional law enactment officers normally affirm that the MOAs will not influence general associations with the Hispanic and immigrant society, thus affirming that nothing could take place unless the people involved were detained for committing the offenses. Unluckily, undocumented habitation is progressively recognized as a predicate offense deserving police interest and capital. Section 287 (g) is accordingly applied to rid the town of an undesirable immigrant existence. In the initial half a year after the execution of its Memoranda of Agreement, Mecklenburg County set more than 1000 undocumented residents for expatriation (Weissman 23). Even if Alamance County was functioning with a lesser inhabitants and lesser enactment cap ital, it is proud of managing more than 400 people in the first year of involvement in the plan. Rather than concentrating on those individuals that are charged with heinous offenses as indicated by ICE, regional law enactment officials appear to be aiming at propellers of a given race or country of origin and harassing them for defiance of traffic rules. For instance, in early 2008, around 84 per cent of immigrants in Gaston County kept in custody through Immigration and Customs Enforcement officials acting as per the section 287 (g) were faced with charges of defiance of traffic rules. This model has persisted as the plan has been executed everywhere in the state. The statistics of the people arrested show that both Alamance and Mecklenburg Counties are characteristic in aiming at Hispanics’ violation of traffic rules for the basis of expatriation strategy.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The political affairs and strategies of immigration la ws in the State of North Carolina specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The violent distribution of police capital has severe insinuations for the bigger society. In fact, section 287 (g) has to be comprehended to effect a global force on the societies. Initially, like outlined, section 287 (g) promotes or in the least tolerate racial profiling and unjustified typecasting, thus leading to the harassment of the inhabitants in the regions in addition to the segregation of a progressively marginalized group. Shockingly, a recent research suggested that in Mexico, it was not found strange to indulge in sex with girls between the ages of 12 and 15, as they as well engage in excessive drinking of beer. An individual from North Carolina stated that the excessive drinking demonstrated by the Mexicans owes to the fact that their growing up was in regions that water was not good (Weissman 31). Of late, a researcher pointed out his hostility toward m igrants by affirming that they give birth like rabbits coupled with practicing rape, theft, and killing of the residents of the US. Mexicans were categorized as shoddy and it was said that what they are best in is carrying out their duties on top of having sex. In Johnston County, the ambition is to eradicate all the immigrant individuals. Via section 287 (g) accords, assistants and officials in North Carolina possess the capital and nearly unshackled command to function on the prejudiced response, which they have adopted. The aforementioned operations boost the illegitimate operation of racial profiling. This racial profiling fails to be just lawfully inadmissible, but since it is anchored on typecasts and illegal suppositions regarding the inclination of a given group to engage in criminal activities, is as well morally wrong and inefficient. As the courts are now aware, presumptions anchored on racial discrimination lead to unconstructive racial typecasts, which are harmful to th e affluent and varied social equality, and significantly damage the endeavors to sustain a just community (Weissman 34). The communal and human costs brought about by such profiling are vast. Racial profiling lessens trust and trims down chances of establishing social resources and personal links that contribute powerfully to societies. Racial minorities, which have been put under harassment and law enactment, encounter a profound sense of discrimination, thus frequently bringing about mistrust and skepticism toward State and regional institutions. For instance, a woman residing in Johnston County and is a lawful permanent inhabitant who has four citizen kids affirms that many Hispanics have a feeling that law officials are seeking justifications to expatriate them.Advertising Looking for research paper on public administration? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This mistrust could breed unwillingness to participate in the construction of social and monetary associations that create lively and strong neighborhoods. Even as the Hispanic society is most directly implicated, the execution of section 287 (g) creates unconstructive results for the safety and honor of the society in general (Redmon 3). The hostile application of local police to enact immigration law frequently means that susceptible populations are less ready to interrelate with the police, be it in reporting criminal activities or in providing information, both unfavorable to the security of every member of the society. The section 287 (g) thus has to be comprehended as having a global influence. Racial Profiling of â€Å"Hispanic-looking† group The equal defense clause of the 14th Amendment broadens its protection to everyone in command of the US and hinders law enactment from stopping, jailing, or hunting people anchored on racial attributes (Davis 20). The expression à ¢â‚¬Å"racial profiling† denotes the undertaking by law enactment officers depending on race, ethnicity, religion, or country of origin in choosing which people to put through habitual or unstructured investigatory actions, or in choosing upon the scale and essence of law enactment action subsequent to investigatory practice. The greater part of section 287 (g) plans in the State of North Carolina include detention pattern plans, by stating that 287 (g)-skilled officials are not permitted to assess the immigration of people unless they have been kept in custody on other accusations and are confined in jails. In this regard, the general rule is relevant concerning the prevention against law enactment stopping, arresting, or getting hold of people due to their ethnic attributes. However, inhabitants in local societies where section 287 (g) schemes are in place have articulated concerns that a number of section 287 (g) officials are defying lawful standards and participating in ra cial profiling through stopping of automobilists that seem to be Hispanic. Local inhabitants and support groups have heaved alarms that under the disguise of pretextual automobile stops and authorization checkpoints, law enactment officials seem to be aiming at Hispanic-seeming people for minor traffic misdeeds. Violation of the constitution The racial profiling that is a product of section 287 (g) accords not only infringes the clause on equal protection in the US constitution, but also impinges on the constitution of North Carolina. In article 1 (19) of the constitution of North Carolina, there is a provision that there is no individual that shall be left without equal defense of the law, and no one shall be discriminated by the State on account of ethnicity, color, religious beliefs, or country of origin (Alexander 175-208). Breach of Case Law Like the Supreme Court of the US, the Supreme Court of North Carolina submits government actions that show favoritism toward a class of in dividuals on account of race or country of origin to an utmost degree of inspection that can only be legitimated following the realization that there exists no other ways to achieve a coercing government concern. In accordance with section 287 (g), the police who seize Hispanics via racial profiling are leaving those people without equal defense of the law. The racially discriminatory affirmations concerning Hispanic immigrants uttered by different law enactment agencies as noted in this research paper are not justifiable nor do they prove a forcing governmental concern for provocative declarations like the aforementioned (Armenta 210). The racially discriminative remarks link with unpredictable routine traffic checkpoints of Hispanics for no explanation or for pretextual explanations. There exists no obliging government concern for such racially stimulated checkpoints, especially given the underlying principle for the scheme by Immigration and Customs Enforcement that was developed to seize rebels and hostility criminals. This conduct goes against the clause on Equal Protection in the US constitution as well as against the constitution of North Carolina. In a certain court case, the court disregarded accusations against a Hispanic suspect who showed that his detention was stimulated partly by his ethnicity or country of origin in breach of the article 1 (19) of the North Carolina Constitution. The judgment of the aforementioned court is inconsistent with the conditions in different counties where section 287 (g) accords have been signed on, and the detaining state trooper uttered different prejudiced comments. The court deemed the discriminatory declarations of the state trooper justifiable by affirming that everybody is aware that a Hispanic man purchasing liquor during the nighttime is possibly already under the influence of alcohol in addition to the confession of patrolling a given region in search of Hispanic men (Lewis et al. 25). The remarks clearly de monstrated racial profiling: the illustration account of the trooper indicated that 71 per cent of his accounts were done in opposition to Hispanics in a region where Hispanics constituted just 32 per cent of the entire population. The Supreme Court of North Carolina (SCNC) supported the judgment by the trial court to disregard the accusations against the suspect. Suggestions for perfection Excellent Governance, intelligibility and compliance with the Law The network of stops and balances is among the most essential features of the US system of government. The outliners of the constitution of the United States proposed the stops and balances not just to be the strength of the United States federal and national government framework, but as well the basic foundation of community. The strategy of provision by conflicting and rival concerns and the defect of better intentions could be outlined through the entire network of human affairs, public, and non-public (Varsanyi 896). The basic interest with the section 287 (g) schemes is specifically this deficient of opposite and rival concern within the network. Nevertheless, section 287 (g) has been illustrated to be deficient in intelligibility, with no offering for society input in the making or execution of the Memoranda of Agreement. Additionally, almost no defense methods are entrenched within the scheme to offset the authority it places on contracted enactment establishments. The Memoranda of Agreement on section 287 (g) are frequently made devoid of society notice or chance for public remarks. Involved essential groups hardly ever have the chance to converse or deliberate on the scheme with their elected representatives prior to its execution. Moreover, with respect to the wide-ranging authority accorded to county sheriffs consistent with the law of North Carolina, there emerges the sheriff division. The sheriff division permits conciliations based on Memoranda of Agreement practically on their own devoid of the endorsement of the County Board of Commissioners (CBC) save for concerns associated with the MOA financial plan. In this regard, contracts for the schemes have been conferred devoid of the protections intrinsic in and essential to the democratic progression. Agencies executing section 287 (g) seem to take slight or no attempt to establish or publicize the complaint method, the basic checks accessible to the public that is necessitated by federal directive (Weissman 52). Moreover, even if the Memoranda of Agreement requires a steering team, such a team will just be successful if it offers a depiction of people from an extensive scope of settings and concerns in the society. The recommendations outlined below can offer more defense mechanisms for the rights in the execution of section 287 (g). Amendment of all present 287 (g) schemes and execution in all new section 287 (g) schemes to allow dispensation just for those found guilty of crimes. MOAs must contract Local Law Enforcement Agencies to participate in society outreach to offer knowledge on the operation and process of the scheme (Weissman 53). Currently, such outreach is just voluntary and hardly developed. Agencies willing to sign on section 287 (g) accords must be required to call a public gathering open to every willing members of the society prior to signing. Contracting authorities should enact an operational complaint system as necessitated by federal directives and sufficiently publicize this system in both Spanish and English Conclusion The initiative behind this research paper has drawn public attention regarding a current and rising experience particularly in the State of North Carolina. The immigration laws under the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) section 287(g) have as well played a key role in the development of this research paper. Having approximately nine agencies presently signaled on, the State of North Carolina ranks position two in the standing according the present number of section 287 (g) schemes. However, to date, the agencies have functioned under the Memoranda of Agreement with trivial transparency or control and there has been negligible, if any, liability as to the execution of the scheme. Section 287 (g) is no longer employed as an instrument to back law enactment, but rather like regionalized immigration armament and instrument for singling out and segregating the foreign individuals and Hispanic inhabitants and citizens. The violent allocation of police capital has severe allusions for the public. In essence, section 287 (g) has to be comprehended to achieve global strength on the societies. The aforementioned operations enhance the unlawful function of racial profiling. This racial profiling fails to be just lawfully prohibited, but given that it is anchored on typecasts and illegal suppositions concerning the preference of a given group to engage in criminal behavior, is as well morally wrong and inefficient. There are recommendations that can offer better defense mechanisms for the rights in the execution of section 287 (g) if they are adhered to in the process of law enforcement. Works Cited Alexander, Michelle. The new Jim crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of  Colorblindness, New York: The New Press, 2010. Print. Armenta, Amada. â€Å"From Sheriff’s Deputies to Immigration Officers: Screening Immigrant Status in a Tennessee Jail.† Law Policy 34.2 (2012): 191-210. Print. Davis, Angela. Are prisons obsolete? New York: Seven Stories Press, 2011. Print. ICE. Fact Sheet: Delegation of Immigration Authority Section 287(g) Immigration and Nationality Act, n.d Web. Lewis, Paul, Doris Provine, Monica Varsanyi, and Scott Decker. â€Å"Why do (some) city police departments enforce federal immigration law? Political, demographic, and organizational influences on local choices.† Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory 23.1 (2013): 1-25. Print. Redmon, Jeremy. â€Å"Feds scrap state immigr ation enforcement program.† The Atlanta Journal of Constitution, 2012. Web. Varsanyi, Monica. â€Å"Rescaling the â€Å"alien,† rescaling personhood: Neoliberalism, immigration, and the state.† Annals of the Association of American Geographers 98.4 (2008): 877-896. Print. Weissman, Deborah. The policies and politics of local immigration enforcement laws: 287 (g) program in North Carolina, North Carolina: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2009. Print. Annotated bibliography Alexander, Michelle. The new Jim crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of  Colorblindness, New York: The New Press, 2010. Print Alexander, a lawyer, wrote this book. In her book, she declared that her fight against drugs reinstated the fight against poverty and established a lawful manner to single out African-Americans following the end of the slave trade. This discrimination happened by seizing the communities of blacks for use of drugs, even though an equal number of whites were a lso taking the drugs. African-Americans were unjustifiably arrested and imprisoned for the rest of their lives. This erected insuperable hindrances. The research paper takes its arguments of the troubles of its victims (Hispanic-appearing residents) and demand for amendments in the constitution from this book. Armenta, Amada. â€Å"From Sheriff’s Deputies to Immigration Officers: Screening Immigrant Status in a Tennessee Jail.† Law Policy 34.2 (2012): 191-210. Print. This article concentrates on the execution of section 287 (g) schemes in the counties of Tennessee and Davidson. Immigration officials take themselves as intended supervisors with the fundamental accountabilities of recognizing and determining immigrants for deportation. These decisions vary from pride at recognizing unlawful foreigners to guilt for making immigrants be arrested for minor mistakes. Finally, this article demonstrates that immigration officials perform as if they are connected to the federa l government instead of acting like autonomous agents. The arguments on the research paper on arrests and deportation are obtained from this article. Coutin, Susan. â€Å"The rights of noncitizens in the United States.† Annual Review of Law and Social Science 7.1 (2011): 289-308. Print. Studies on the rights of non-residents in the US seek to discuss the rights and omissions with the integration of new theories concerning racialization and the situations of exclusion. This article differentiated between lawful and unlawful immigration, with a concentration on incorporation, racialism, and new racial territories. Moreover, intellectuals have developed expressions like â€Å"crimmigration† to discuss the unparalleled union with unlawful acts and laws on immigration. Other expressions used include â€Å"rescaling† to denote swings from countrywide to regional enactment attempts. Davis, Angela. Are prisons obsolete? New York: Seven Stories Press, 2011. Print. Using her characteristic vividness, elegance and thorough boldness, the author has presented the instance for the recent abolishment movement in the US: the abolishment of the prison. For a long time, the abolishment of the slave trade was a difficult endeavor. Likewise, the unshakable network of racial discrimination appeared to last for a long duration and cohorts existed amid the occurrence. The hostile convict-lease establishment that followed formal slaveholding reaped countless individuals to southern authorities. In this book, the author demonstrates that time for the prison is nearing the end and fights for the conversion of the community in general. The research paper obtains its argument of arrests and end to the racial discrimination of Hispanic residents from this book. ICE. Fact Sheet: Delegation of Immigration Authority Section 287(g) Immigration and Nationality Act, n.d. Web. The Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) stands as the biggest exploratory group in the Depart ment of Homeland Security (DHS) in the United States and is accountable for enacting federal laws on immigration as a section of its assignment on homeland safekeeping. ICE operates closely with federal and regional law enactment officials in this task. The section 287 (g) schemes, among the best joint venture plans of the ICE, are contained in the shared Memoranda of Agreement (MOA). This is necessary to permit reception of delegated power for immigration enactment in their authority. The research paper uses judgments concerning ICE and MOA from this source. Lewis, Paul, Doris Provine, Monica Varsanyi, and Scott Decker. â€Å"Why do (some) city police departments enforce federal immigration law? Political, demographic, and organizational influences on local choices.† Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory 23.1 (2013): 1-25. Print. From this article, congress established a new means of enacting immigration laws by permitting state and regional law enactment offi cials to take part. This article examines these concerns through analysis of statistics from a study of police departments. The existence of Hispanic police chief is related to less exhaustive immigration enactment by regional police. The research paper pushes for immigrant-supportive strategy dedications with respect to affirmations from this article. Prescott, Peter. The Norton Book of American Short Stories, New York: Norton, 1988. Print. Having over fifty short stories, comprising writings by Ellen Gilchrist and Raymond, this book provides an assortment of style and collection of emotion that reveals the abundant culture of the American encounter. This book covers the majority of the most prominent instances of the field. The story in this book that could be the most striking in relation to the research paper is â€Å"The ones who walk away from Omelas†. Another short narrative includes â€Å"Young Goodman Brown†. Redmon, Jeremy. â€Å"Feds scrap state immigration enforcement program.† The Atlanta Journal of Constitution, 2012. Web. The section 287 (g) schemes acts on behalf of regional and state law enactment officials to enact federal laws on immigration. With respect to the county stage, the schemes frequently function through detentions, offering the command of sheriff assistants to inquire individuals concerning their lawful position, imprison and convey them for immigrations infringements. Nevertheless, Georgia Department of Public Safety as well manages operational schemes that bring about expatriations. Recently, the government of Obama made it public that it was bringing the schemes of states to a close. The research paper basis its decisions on expatriation from this source. Varsanyi, Monica. â€Å"Rescaling the â€Å"alien,† rescaling personhood: Neoliberalism, immigration, and the state.† Annals of the Association of American Geographers 98.4 (2008): 877-896. Print. This article basis its argument on the moder n constitution of neoliberal residents through the application of immigrations powers by the federal government of the US from a study of applicable laws and court cases. The federal government has had the command over immigration that has allowed it to take some of its residents as immigrant but demanding that states take immigrants as residents. The arguments of immigrants and mistreatment of the Hispanic-appearing residents as underscored in the research pap eave been obtained from this article. Weissman, Deborah. The policies and politics of local immigration enforcement laws: 287 (g) program in North Carolina, North Carolina: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2009. Print. The idea behind the publication by Weissman Deborah is to draw public attention concerning a current and rising phenomenon especially in the State of North Carolina because of immigration laws are under the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) section 287(g). The work by Weissman seeks to generate substantive concerns and encourage further discussion concerning the varying demographics in the State North Carolina, the unsuccessful immigration restructuring at the national stage, and the manner in which the State has reacted. The research paper bases most of its arguments on section 287(g) and the effect on society as local law enactment agencies carry out immigration enactment tasks from this publication. This research paper on The political affairs and strategies of immigration laws in the State of North Carolina was written and submitted by user Mustafa Holman to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Impact of the Great Depression on Canada

The great depression was an economic and financial slump that occurred globally between the fiscal 1920s and 1939. The depression severely affected many countries and crippled world economies. Canada was not spared either. This country had its own share of mystery as a result of its affiliation with global and international trade.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Impact of the Great Depression on Canada specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The affiliations saw Canada being dragged into the tenets that appeared with the depression and the economy suffered a major setback with various government interventions proving futile in alleviating the problem. The depression took some time to abate despite its far reaching effects on Canadian residents and its economy as well. International trade that Canada depended on was shuttered while foreign financial markets were hit by a slump similar to that which crippled the U.S. economy. All through that period, the Canadian government battled the effects of the depression that threatened to derail the lives of Canadians. The head of the Canadian government was by then King Mackenzie, who did nothing to abate the prevailing economic conditions[1]. As a result, he was forced out of the prime minister seat and gave way to a more practical and result oriented Prime Minister, Richard Bennett. With the new prime minister, Canadian government embarked on several measures and adopted policies to ensure that the effects of the depression did not adversely affect the entire Canadian population. Some of the measures that Bennett put in place included camps to support the old and sick as well as the distribution of aid to the unemployed and disadvantaged in the country. Although, charity organization existed even before the depression, they operated on low scale and were therefore caught unaware by the level of humanitarian aid that the depression effects nee ded. In fact, they could not cope with the magnitude of the crisis. Besides, during the period of the great depression, the government prioritized charity to families and somehow neglected the unemployed and single individuals throughout the country. The mobility of unemployed people in search of charity made the Canadian towns and city dwelling rules to keep out the unemployed from other cities or towns. The government spent heavily on relief and charity work, lowered tax rates and offered subsidies to help spur economic growth. The causes of the great depression in Canada It is estimated that the depression had been long in coming and several warning signs had been present. Prior to the depression, Canada’s population had become a mass consumer society. Industries were venturing into the production of consumer durables and labor-saving equipment that were guzzled up by anxious consumers.Advertising Looking for research paper on canada? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The onset of the advertising industry worsened the situation as it encouraged mass consumption. The upcoming and developing transport networks linked producers to consumers and offered easy access to consumer goods. It also linked industries to the consumers. Moreover, Britain was replaced by the U.S. as the primary source of investment and became the basic foreign-exchange souk for the Canadian Republic. As the U.S. economy continued to do well and the Wall Street posted huge profits in the stock markets, Canada was poised to be one of the leading economies of the world. However, the extra-reliance on industries in Canada proved disastrous during the depression as governments efforts backfired and created far worse problems[2]. The association of Canada with U.S. later on proved problematic in the build up for the crisis. Prior to the depression, the stock market was characterized by excessive and speculative buying of stocks. Ther e were increased cases of buying in credit. This buying mania had earlier caused a global recession in the early 1920s although it was easily quelled. The recession forced small banks and financial institutions to collapse. Therefore, the stock market crash in October 29, 1929 was not unprecedented, but had been looming. The economic boom created a volatile economic situation that could not last. In Canada alone, industries produced surplus of goods in anticipation of generating huge profits. When the stock prices in the Wall Street slumped, over-priced shares in addition to massive trading in the shares led to unexpected plummeting of the prices. The results affected the Canadian foreign investments due to its connection with the U.S. Countries and people lost fortunes whereas global world economies especially Canada felt the full blow posed by the slump[3]. Another major cause of the great depression in Canada was the lack of economic diversification. The Canadian economy heavily relied on two major economic activities to spur its economic growth namely agriculture and industries. Agriculture entailed the production of export wheat by the prairies farmers. Periods prior to the great depression, the economic boom that the world experienced provided huge returns to the Canadian wheat farmers. Conversely, industries relied on the wheat proceeds to market their own goods. When the wheat prices were high, the industries indulged in over-production of luxurious goods and consumer deliverables.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Impact of the Great Depression on Canada specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The slump that followed shuttered the boom in the wheat price and consequently declined the foreign export of wheat. When wheat prices went down at an unprecedented rate, Canadian farmers lost most of their farms to the lending institutions that also went bankrupt. Wheat farmers became d esperate and were soon forced out of their farms. The industries that relied on these farmers shortly closed due to poor sales and excessive production. Jobs were lost in industries as well as in the agricultural sector and the unemployment rate became the highest for the first time in the Canadian history. Industries closed due to surplus production and lack of consumers, while greedy banks mortgaged their premises to recover their capital[4]. After WWI, industries in Canada opted to seriously indulge in production. They were in dire need of capital. The industries could only access capital by going into debts with banks, lending institutions and trading in bonds and stocks. The resulting effect was high levels of shares and bonds in the market. The traders took the bait and in expectation of the prices rising, raised the prices to unrealistic levels that did not warrant such industries. As traders run out of credit and industries promoted high consumption of unimportant and luxuri ous goods, credit buying was introduced. This tendency created a deficit in shares as traders moved into the profitable stock market, driving the share prices even higher. With the fall of the U.S. stock market, the Canadian investors felt the pressure and its share market plummeted to vey low levels. The high dependency on the economy of the U.S. is also one of the leading causes of the great depression in Canada. Canadian economy prior to the depression relied heavily on export to the U.S. for the growth of its economy. It was also a government option that introducing high tariffs in the export industry could protect the local industries and stabilize the employment sector. Failure by the government to deviate its economic activities meant that whether the tariffs were high or not, the whole employment sector depended on international trade. The onset of the great depression in America meant that Canadian economy was too going down. When trade declined sharply, the unemployment ra tes in Canada rose. As most of the industries depended on export trade to finance and pay off their workers, a decline in international trade that reached a maximum of 50% in 1933, meant that industries had to lay off workers and others were forced to close down. The high tariffs had created a volatile job market and Canada was to face the music[5].Advertising Looking for research paper on canada? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In summary, the global recession in early 1920s set the stage for the onset of the great economic depression. It acted as an early warning of the consequences to follow due to the volatile economic and financial systems in place. The great boom was also a center stage that could have been acted on to prevent the depression. The great crash of the New York stock market in October 29, 1929, ushered in the real recession and paved way for the global fall in financial and economic systems. The drastic fall in the stock prices that followed in the Wall Street and the global pegging and dependence on the U.S. stock market meant that international trade would face a similar fate. After the crash in the stock market, the United States invoked Canadian export tariffs, leaving its goods locked out of the US market. The collapse of the economy ensued[6]. Farmers suffered from crop failures and severe droughts. There were escalating levels of unemployment, considerable drop in commodity prices and weakening of the purchasing power. The impact of the Great Depression on Canada The resultant effects from the crash in prices in the U.S. stock market heavily affected Canada. Financial and economic adverse effects were experienced all over the world with Canada bearing the high effects due to its association with the U.S. The great depression continued well into the World War II, where the effects abated but never disappeared completely. The historical effect The great depression affected the Canadian population to varying degrees. The worst hit areas happened to be the agricultural and industrial areas. In the prairies provinces where farmers relied on wheat exportation to survive, the effects were severe. The Great Depression in the prairies was coupled up with severe natural and climatical conditions that further added to the farmers’ mysteries. Long spells of drought, grasshopper plagues and inadequate rainfall coupled up with loss of lands due to mortgage loans too , dealt a fatal blow to the prairies dwellers[7]. As industries lost their main markets in the U.S., high unemployment rates set in. It was estimated that by the year 1931, Canada gross unemployment rate rose to 30%[8]. The poor policies of raising tariffs by Bennett aimed at protecting the indigenous industries and employment made Canada to further plummet to disastrous conditions. Policies like high tariffs, subsidies and low government spending only served to worsen the conditions of the Canadians. Banks underground and various industries closed due to lack of markets for their goods. Canadians were transformed to beggars and the government cut down the tax rates to enable people affords basic needs. The government set up institutions to help the poor, needy, the sick and the impoverished. The effect of the Great depression on the Canadian provinces Canada relied heavily on international trade to propel its economic forward. Through international trade, Canada exported its indust rial and agricultural goods mainly to US that generated 33% of the total Gross Domestic Product on the national scale. This stated an overreliance on international trade and a dangerous trade that thrive on forged relationship with the US. After the US experienced the trade hunch, it invoked tariffs that existed with the Canadian government to protect its domestic market. The invocation meant that the Canadian industries lost their market and revenue. Additional, domestic market fetched low price for industrial goods that could not sustain the economy. In the Saskatchewan provinces that relied on wheat export, the effect was adverse. The region was not only affected by the economic slump but nature provided a nasty scenario. Grasshopper plagues, droughts and long spells of reduced rainfall rendered the prairies useless. The farmers were faced with unpaid mortgages and banks closed in on their lands forcing them out. Provincial income in Saskatchewan plummeted down by 90% and people were forced out to seek relief. Other provinces that relied on industrial production were also hard hit. The only remnants of the industrial provinces were Quebec and Ontario that relied on domestic industrial production[9]. Other economic areas that were spared partly by the depression were fish, fruits and lumber markets but they somehow went low during the Great Depression periods[10]. Among the Canadians, the depression was felt differently. Poor living standards characterized the unemployed while living standards for the employed and property owners went up plummeting merchandise costs[11]. Effects on individuals, population and industry As the great depression raged on, the rate of unemployment went higher to unprecedented levels. As industries lost their key market in the slump and consequently their revenues, they laid off a high number of workers. Consequently, there was no hope that the existing industrial workers could continue as industries halted their production due to low prices that could not even meet production costs. The failure of the stock market and the continuing bite and worsening of the economic crunch provided no hope of industrial reawakening. Unemployment rates were high and families lost their sources of income[12]. A lot of Canadians turned beggars as they relied on the government for relief food and charity organizations to make ends meet. Furthermore, the immigration rates to Canada that offered cheap labor to the industries were cut off. This was essential to enable the government comprehend with the situation at hand. Immigrants were not allowed government relief and tax cut offs. The number of immigrants that Canada allowed into the country was drastically reduced and deportations of immigrants increased. The situation was to remain this way until the depression abated[13]. In this period also, Canada experienced the lowest population growth rate ever. The birth rate in Canada dropped to 9.7% in 1937 from 13.2% live births th at were reported per one thousand in the year 1930. This persisted to be the least percentage up to 1960s[14]. Industries received the full blow of the depression. Due to the heavy reliance on international markets, especially in the US, the plummeting of the international trade and revoking of the trade tariffs worsened the condition of the industries. Preceding the great depression, industries had indulged in excess production that the depression cut off its market. Some of the industries closed while other lay off thousands of workers. Groups and expansion introduced in Canada as a result of the Great Depression The Great Depression in Canada witnessed several regimes come up with various litigation measures to alleviate the condition of the Canadians and help spur economic growth. Starting with Mackenzie and Bennett ill advised policies, the Canadian government failed to make any impact on the economic and financial condition of the nation. Bennett as well as Mackenzie thought t hat the introduction of government intervention like high tariffs, cutting off aid to some provinces and adjusted financial plans could abate the situation. These plans and policies backfired and only produced disastrous results for the Canadians. The failure of the latter plans and policies called for new transformations. The new alterations combined the social credit theories of inflation, the democratic socialism and the BC Premier Wages and Work program[15]. On the political scene, the economic slump saw the alteration of the modernization party steered by Stevens and the advent of Herridge New Democratic drive party. Canada’s Communist Party was virtually proscribed starting from the year 1931 after nine of its associates were detained and imprisoned for being supporters of illegitimate associations till 1936. The Communist Party was also outlawed after the 1939 declaration of war. Nevertheless, the National Unemployed Workers Association performed a critical role in the organization of the jobless and unskilled Canadians to demonstrate and protest against the Great Depression impacts and the reluctance of the government to take drastic measures[16]. While it might be perceived that domestic effects of such organizations were negligible, the Great Depression finally gave rise to the extension of the Canadian government accountability as regards to social and economic prosperity How the governments handled the crisis The Canadian government started off by denying various projects and provinces financial aid to aid economic recovery in the belief that the slump was momentarily[17]. During Bennett’s reign, the government initiated futile attempts but provided the needed aid to the struggling population. These futile attempts proved helpful in that they set the stage for other useful transformations like the Work Program and BC Premier Wages. Conclusion The unprecedented wave of the economic slump that hit the world in the early 1920s and ensued till the World War II proved so much for the financial and economic systems of Canada. From the over-reliance on industrial and agricultural export trade, the whole of Canada and its population felt the extreme effects of the depression. Unemployment ensued and formerly employed Canadians relied on government relief and charity grants for survival. In essence, the great depression wrecked the whole system of life in Canada and disturbed the economic and financial system prompting a new inquiry. Work Cited Bordo, Michael and Redish Angela. â€Å"Credible Commitment and Exchange Rate Stability: Canada’s Interwar Experience.† Canadian Journal of Economics 23 (1990): 357–380. Print. Bryce, Robert. â€Å"Maturing in Hard Times: Canada’s Department of Finance through the Great Depression†. Toronto, Ontario: Institute of Public Administration of Canada, 1986. Web. http://site.ebrary.com/lib/uwo/docDetail.action?docID=10138961. Bryden, Penny. Visions: Th e Canadian History Modules Project: Post-Confederation, Toronto: Nelson Education, 2010. Print. Granatstein, John and Norman Hillmer. â€Å"The Great Depression: Canada’s Century.† July 1999. Web. http://search.proquest.com/docview/218500803/abstract?accountid=15115. Haubrich, Joseph. â€Å"Nonmonetary Effects of Financial Crisis: Lessons from the Great Depression in Canada.† Journal of Monetary Economics 25 (1990): 223–252. Print. Horn, Michiel. The Great Depression of the 1930s in Canada, Ottawa: Canadian Historical Association, 1984. Print. Irwin, Douglas. â€Å"The Smoot-Hawley Tariff: A Quantitative Assessment.† Review of Economics and Statistics 80 (May 1998): 326 -334. Print. Maclean. â€Å"The Great Depression – Causes Concerns†. 1934. Web. http://canadachannel.ca/HCO/index.php/3._The_Great_Depression_and_the_Dirty_Thirties. Neatby, Blair. The Politics of Chaos: Canada in the Thirties, Toronto: Corp Clark Pitman, 1986. Print. Romer, Christina. â€Å"What Ended the Great Depression?† Journal of Economic History 52 (1992): 757-784. Print. Safarian, Albert. The Canadian Economy in the Great Depression, Toronto: Univ. Pr., 1959. Print. Schwartz, Anna J. â€Å"Understanding 1929 -1933†. In The Great Depression Revisited, Boston: Martinus Nijhoff, 1981: 5-48. Print. Sprinkling, Noah H. â€Å"Serving the Great Depression.† British Columbia History 31.4 (1998):2. Web. https://www.lib.uwo.ca/cgi-bin/ezpauthn.cgi/docview/205085301?accountid=15115. Footnotes Bordo, Michael and Redish Angela. â€Å"Credible Commitment and Exchange Rate Stability: Canada’s Interwar Experience.† Canadian Journal of Economics 23 (1990): 357–380. Maclean, Mag. â€Å"The Great Depression – Causes Concerns†. 1934. Web. http://canadachannel.ca/HCO/index.php/3._The_Great_Depression_and_the_Dirty_Thirties. Maclean Mag. â€Å"The Great Depression – Causes Concerns†. 193 4. Web. http://canadachannel.ca/HCO/index.php/3._The_Great_Depression_and_the_Dirty_Thirties. Maclean Mag. â€Å"The Great Depression – Causes Concerns†. 1934. Web. http://canadachannel.ca/HCO/index.php/3._The_Great_Depression_and_the_Dirty_Thirties. Maclean Mag. â€Å"The Great Depression – Causes Concerns†. 1934. Web. http://canadachannel.ca/HCO/index.php/3._The_Great_Depression_and_the_Dirty_Thirties. Irwin, Douglas. â€Å"The Smoot-Hawley Tariff: A Quantitative Assessment.† Review of Economics and Statistics 80 (May 1998): 326 -334. Neatby, Blair. The Politics of Chaos: Canada in the Thirties (Toronto: Corp Clark Pitman, 1986) 23. Bryce, Robert. â€Å"Maturing in Hard Times: Canada’s Department of Finance through the Great Depression†. Toronto, Ontario: Institute of Public Administration of Canada, 1986: 1. Schwartz, Anna J. â€Å"Understanding 1929 -1933†. In The Great Depression Revisited (Boston: Martinus Nijhoff, 1981 ): 5-48. Safarian, Albert. The Canadian Economy in the Great Depression (Toronto: Univ. Pr., 1959) 27. Romer, Christina. â€Å"What Ended the Great Depression?† Journal of Economic History 52 (1992): 757-784. Granatstein, John and Norman Hillmer. â€Å"The Great Depression: Canada’s Century.† July 1999: 48. Web. http://search.proquest.com/docview/218500803/abstract?accountid=15115. Haubrich Joseph. â€Å"Nonmonetary Effects of Financial Crisis: Lessons from the Great Depression in Canada.† Journal of Monetary Economics 25 (1990): 223–252. Sprinkling, Noah H. â€Å"Serving the Great Depression.† British Columbia History 31.4 (1998):2. Web. https://www.lib.uwo.ca/cgi-bin/ezpauthn.cgi/docview/205085301?accountid=15115. Romer, Christina. â€Å"What Ended the Great Depression?† Journal of Economic History 52 (1992): 757-784. Bryden, Penny. Visions: The Canadian History Modules Project: Post-Confederation (Toronto: Nelson Education, 2010) 2 98. Horn, Michiel. The Great Depression of the 1930s in Canada (Ottawa: Canadian Historical Association, 1984) 34. This research paper on The Impact of the Great Depression on Canada was written and submitted by user Evie M. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Angelas Ashes With Comparison to Pip essays

Angela's Ashes With Comparison to Pip essays Frank McCourt, the narrator of Angela's Ashes, seems to be a very strange fellow. He spends much of his day dreaming about what it would be like to be rich and have a father who does not drink the dole money away every week. He plays with his little brothers and makes them laugh when they are too hungry to play anymore. Frank even steals food from the stores and people's doorsteps to make sure that his family has enough food for the night. In reality, he has taken over the job of "man of the house" from his drunken father. "They scream at me and tell me I'm filthy. I try to explain to them that Mam has the disease and that I'm worn out trying to make ends meet, keeping the home fires burning, getting lemonade for Mam and bread for my brothers. There's no use telling them about the marmalade for they'll only scream again." Malachy McCourt, Frank's father, comes from the North of Ireland. Malachy claims he was in the Irish Republican Army and is forever bragging about how he "did his part" for Ireland. Because he is from the "Protestant" North, he is viewed with distrust by the Catholic citizens of Limerick Because of his accent, It is hard for him to get a job. He also suffers from the "Irish Problem" he is an alcoholic. When he does get a job, he works very hard until Friday. On Friday he gets his wages and goes to the pub, gets drunk, comes home singing "Kevin Barry" or "Roddy McCorley", sleeps until noon the next day, and is fired for being late. He leaves the family during World War II to work in an English factory. He sends no money home because he drinks it all in the pubs. He never comes back after the war has ended. One song that Malachy would sing is this:Up the narrow street he stepped There's never a tear in the blue eyes ...

Jewish philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Jewish philosophy - Essay Example The main objective of these philosophers was to revive the principles of Jewish religion. It was also realized that the course of direction of Jewish religion has to be tremendously changed with the advancement of time period to attract the new groups of people. In this context, the efforts of Jacques Derrida and Emmanuel Levinas for reviving the Judaism are noteworthy. Derrida is more cautious in explaining the meaning of Jewish philosophy in comparison to that of Levinas. It might be mainly because of the reason that he intends to convince the people that there appears some element of hesitation and undecidebility which we cannot avoid. He is more emphasizing on the truth that one cannot make Jewish religion popular by telling untruth. He is more open to reveal that the Jewish philosophy has some element of confusion and then tries to convince people that they have to accept it in its own form. In this process, he uses the word â€Å" relevant† translation which means that the translation of Jewish philosophy has to be done originally and accurately with out any deviation (Jacques derrida and Lawrence Venutti, 2001) At the same time, Derrida is skeptical about the successful implementation of new forms of non-violence. He is explaining the difficulty of implementing violence free world and his further argument was to convince people that i t has become a regular practice to experience some for of violence in the present day society. He also didn’t believe in totalism and exposes the element of suffering. He also interpreted that the affirmation of ghosts was not an ideal measure it poses a threat in the form of human violence and it obstructs the human conscience. On the other hand, Levinas concentrated on the theory that the Jewish religion can be spread effectively by way of translation, transmission and conveyance of Jewish tradition in easily understandable manner. Levinas believed in some form of implementation of non-violence in the present day